True Meaning of Giving Thanks

History To 1877 Tia Ed wards 5 October 2012 subjective and European Relationships why must you lay claim by force what you could obtain by passion? (Chief Powhatan) This was a famous quote said by Pocahontas Father to premature side of meat settler John Smith. The quote helps illustrate the brutality that settlers employ to obtain bring and goods during premature colony.The articles Your nation Live Only Upon restrain and The Print of My Ancestors Houses argon Every Where to be Seen help show, by means of the emplacework forcet of the Natives, that the nature of human dealinghips of Natives and Non- homegrowns in early the States was at first off beneficial, save all over clip the relationships became corrupted and would slowly deteriorate repay sufficient(p) to Europeans touch sensation of supremacy over Natives, Europeans forced metempsychosis of Natives lifestyle to Europeans beliefs, and Europeans hostile call back over of Native place down. The act of gift giving created a family relationship mingled with Natives and Europeans and n wizthelesstu eithery a very lucrative trading market was formed.Even though the affinity between Natives and Europeans was a booming economic fortune the incoming settlers always looked d stimulate upon the Native heap, seeing them sole(prenominal) as savages who had no morals or religious guidance. In the inscription Your People Live Only Upon befool the cut view the Mimacs lifestyle as horrible and unbearable out-of-pocket to the detail they didnt display manners, affectionate bless or vast quantities of material possessions standardized the cut. The cut ar even amazed at the Mimacs outdated mobile ho development and soften to persuade them to settle down and live in stationary houses alternately of wigwams. The slope also see themselves as a superior take to the woods and would discriminate a recognizest the Natives by refusing to softwood with or engage in kinship rituals u nless the Natives become reclaimed and lived a to a greater extent(prenominal) than slope lifestyle. Thus, Colonialism became not only an economic move, but it also became a civilizing mission in value to bring social, political and religious spay among the Natives. Europeans were aggressively pushing conversion on the Natives and it would lead to madness and war. All European settlers well-tried to reform Natives to a more polite lifestyle by try to turn Natives to believe in Christianity. In Your People Only Live Upon Cod the docu handst states that European missionaries would actively interact with Natives to persuade them to take on a sophisticated European lifestyle with Christian beliefs. Occasionally Natives who were so overcome with grief, over the constant warfare with colonists and bare-ass diseases that devastated their tribes, they would succumb and take on a more reformed lifestyle. Thus, Conversion became a pivotal key point in Colonialism. The single most controversial foreshorten that Natives and Europeans faced was ground.The Natives believed that the land was nobodies to own, and that everyone should be able to share its re pedigrees. The European colonist believed in ownership of prop erect like owning possessions, and believed that the resources should be nominate and sold. In The Print of My Ancestors House are Every Where to be Seen. half-sizeer Turtle, who is chief of Miami Tribe, believes that the land in the Ohio vale solely belongs to the Natives and the land should not be able to be sold or settled by white colonists. Little Turtles ancestors settled there m whatsoever a(prenominal) years ago and The Great Spirit told his ancestor to preserve the land.General Wayne, however, believes that since Britain gave that land to the Americas it should be their land and although Little Turtles ancestors may see settled there, they had no proven ownership or entitle to the land. Also, many British colonies were settl ed there as well and they are the ones that were in possession of it and gave it to America without acknowledging the Natives feelings. This testimony from General Wayne shows that the Colonists were more interested in gaining land and building settlements then(prenominal) keeping a passive alinement with the Natives.The Natives and Europeans tried to engage in a friendly complimentary relationship where the two groups could help enrich and protect one an other(a), however due to Europeans belief of over all superiority to the Natives, the European colonists authoritative conversion of Native life, and Europeans never ending conquest for Native land, the two groups couldnt stay in a compatible conglutination for long and then war would short arise. The Natives and Europeans were in constant din with each other and that turmoil only send awayped once theNatives were irradiated and the America colonist could capture the rest of there land. gentlemans gentleman-beater Philips pack of problems Livestock became the most normal and essential life resource for early colonists survival. Livestock not only helped chief(prenominal)tain a forage source to be easily available to the colonists, but the fleshlys also provided several other products like hides and lard. Although blood line made colonists lives easier, the destructive costs of maintaining the animals would lead to some(prenominal) controversy with the topical anaesthetic Natives.The scholar article King Philips Herds Indians, Colonists, and the Problem of Livestock in Early New England describes the tension that arose from the colonists inventory, hogs specifically, and the events that would lead up to war. Primarily, the reasons gillyflower ca utilize conflict between Natives and Colonists was because hogs were causing disruption in topical anesthetic Natives land, Colonists continuous revealment on Native land and the injustices Natives faced in the English government. Eventually Nati ves would take up animal husbandry, but it would not be enough to settle the uprising unrest that line restoration caused.As tension began to build up between the English colonists and Natives, one psyche became the mediator of the conflict. This man was Metacom, Chief of the Wampanoag tribe also know as King Philip by the English. King Philip was constantly going to English courts trying to sever the problems Natives faced with English hogs disturbing Native land. In King Philips article it states that Native lands and English settlements were usually in dear proximity of each other and on countless occasion English hogs would wander unto Native cornfields, and would begin feasting upon their crops.in short, Natives had to use more uttermost(a) measures to protect their food sources like building fencing materials around crops and moving trees in from of underground food storages. These constant problems with livestock lead to tensions to rise. Furthermore, Natives would cau se unint cease damages to the livestock unkno captivategly aware of their presence, which Natives were required to pay for. These cheating(prenominal) laws that were required by the English government lead to a unfluctuating growing concern.John Winthrop argued that the Natives had no actually entitlement or possession of the land, so all land should be available to be settled on or bought by the Colonists (King Philips Herds, 604). As land stated to lessen so did the dear population. Since hunting populations were beginning to decrease drastically, some Natives had to find alternative food sources. Wampanoag began actively engaging in rising of livestock, also cognise as animal husbandry, even though the integration of owning animals as property did not fit well with Native customs (King Philips Herd, 606).The Natives at first despised the animals for their savage like nature. Eventually Natives were able to train hogs and be trained to be more efficient. Although some nativ es had to abandon hunting altogether, the use of hogs became an even more meaning(a) commodity to the Wampanoag (King Philips Herd, 613). This more and more intrusions on Wampanoag land lead King Philip to fight for his people by turning to local anaesthetic anaesthetic governments for help. However, the law favored towards the English colonists more then Native concerns.King Philips article describes how Natives were soon required to fence despatch their crops in erect to stop hogs from damaging their food. If the Natives refused to construct a fence to guard their crops, the government would deny any legal action to be persuaded on colonists if crops were damaged by livestock. King Philip even went to court himself to resolve the conflicts, and although the courts passed many laws to protect the natives, colonists ignored the ruling and hold ond to take get ahead on Wampanoag territory (King Philips Herd, 619).Finally conflicts passed the tipping point when good land for l ivestock became more limited, English colonies and Wampanoag land were onward motioning each other more rapidly and soon livestock causing damages to two Wampanoag and Colonists became so common that colonial government decided to instate a hands-off insurance on trespassing. Trespassing was a violating on the Wampanoags rights and felt that their land should be treated with respect (King Philips Herd, 622). This caused an up roar of anger on both sides and eventually King Philip declared war on the English settlers.The Wampanoag people not only attacked colonists but they primarily attacked livestock as a metaphoric gesture for all the trouble the animals had caused them. And although King Philip had died in the war on August 1676, the Wampanoag people had caused massive amounts of damage to colonists and their settlements, confirming casualties of livestock reached almost 8,000, although this amount of death was not enough to subvert the colonists food source (King Philips He rd, 623).King Philip had tried diplomacy time and time again in order to prevent the uprising, but due to the livestocks destructive nature, settlers assail of Wampanoag land, and the governments helplessness to stop the constant incoming of livestock caused problems, war was all but inevitable. Although livestock was an essential to helping colonists break in the new-sprung(prenominal) world, it was the catalyst for many problems and conflicts that ended with the death of many English, Wampanoag, and Livestock lives.Had all three groups well-read to live harmoniously with one another, war could have been avoided and peace could have been res ruptured. Colonization in the New World Colonization and Colonialism are the most important principles for any developing country. Colonization helps to create new settlements on which citizens can live on and make earnings. Colonialism is when a greater originator uses a lesser power in order to gain admit over their resources to enrich the greater power. Both of these principles were key elements for the Spanish, french and British in establishing territories to make profits and expand trade.Each pudding stone experienced change in their colonization strategies however by the Spanish starting with a violent army conquest and altering to a more peaceful kinship resolution, french started as a small peaceful colonisation with no desire to colonize to maintaining control over most of the unification American region, and the British colonized to gain land and gain new economic developments for poorer citizens which turned to citizens rebellion and claiming their independence from the British empire. Every empires tactics helped shape northwestern America into a new colonisation for early English settlers to search for independence.The Spanish where the first to bewilder in North America near the Caribbean, and begin creating foundations for the first colony. Christopher capital of Ohio was the first settler in the new world and when he arrived in 1492 he was immediately intrigued by the local Native tribe. He axiom the Natives as potential slaves and servants to help achieve the goals of power and wealth. Even in the beginning the Spanish saw natives only as tools to be used, not allies to be coexisted with. The Spanish discovered gold and started to capture the local natives and enforce them to serve in the mines.Soon the Spanish started to explore and establish colonies on local islands such as Puerto Rica, Jamaica, and Cuba (Boyer, The Enduring Vision, p. 35-36). The Spanish mainly focused on colonizing utmostly populous areas, which cause a back call on the carpet of new diseases to effect the inhabitants, due to lack of resistance, and caused many deaths. The Spanish were even able to overtake many powerful empires, such as the Aztecs, due to the immense death toll from disease and the Spanishs fire technologically advanced army (Boyer, The Enduring Vision, p. 40).Military co nquest and war would continue until in 1598 priests and colonists arrive in a colony in which the Spanish called New Mexico. The Spanish viewed New Mexico as a possible outlandish colony which would supply food to the Spanish imperium. The Catholic priests were at first greeted and rejoiced because heavy rain fall had started soon after their arrival. The priests even tried to diversify the Pueblos to Catholic beliefs to save their souls but once a disgustful drought and small pox epidemic broke, the Pueblos decided to deny Christianity and riot.The Pueblos control away the Spanish forces, even with their diminished numbers, and became a free colony again. In order to for the Spanish empire to regain control over the land, the Spanish sent Diego de Vargas who used a more peaceful approach with the Pueblo people, hoping to rely more on kinship ceremonies and think less like a military force. Diego de Vargas even went to the Pueblo colony himself in order gain kinship and began trade with the Pueblos. The Spanish even helped protect the Pueblos from their enemies in order to solidify a more peaceful treaty between the two groups.Even though the New Mexico colony eventually became self sustaining the tension between the two groups still existed due to the Spanishs originally military conquest of the land. Coexistence and cooperation was finally achieved but only after the Spanish changed from their warfare, strength and forced conversion of native lifestyles ideals. When the French began their colonization of the new world they had no desire to colonize in North America, they simply cherished to gain profits and receive new items through trade.The most prospering and profitable colony called New France, around present day Quebec, was open up in 1608 (Boyer, The Enduring Vision, p. 45). Unlike the Spanish and British, The French had considerably small group of colonists. Instead of actively engaging in warfare and getting land and diminishing the remain der of their population. The French took up kinship and fur trading as opposed to violence. This act of non-violence caused very few occasions of warfare to occur, and thus natives were more open to helping and trading with the French.In the document Your People Live Only Upon Cod An Algonquian Response to European Claims of Cultural Superiority it states how the French were so unable to fend for themselves that the local Algonquian tribe had to help them survive. They would fish out cod for them and helped them develop ways to make food. Even though the French always model they were better then the Natives, the kinship that the French shared with Natives helped them survive. With the help of the Natives, the French became more profitable in trading then any other empire.In order to gain a more concrete kinship with the Natives, French started interbreeding with the Natives. This created a new group called Metis, who were children that would be ingrained with both French and Native culture. The French also had Catholic Jesuits who tried to convert the Natives but they were more open to native religion then any other empire. Instead of forcing Catholicism on the natives and having coercion occur. The Jesuits used peaceful integration like Diego de Vargas used on the Pueblos. This created less resistance and more accepting by the Natives.In the document Your People Live Only on Cod The French also helped protect their native allies against enemies. In the document The Iroquois were much astonished that two men should have been killed so quickly Samuel de Champlain and a few of his men help aid the Montagnais, Algonquian, and Herons in a battle with the Iroquois. During the battle Samuel takes out a gun and shoots at the three head chiefs, which his allies requested he kill. After one shoot two of the chiefs were instantly dead with one was so hurt he died soon after. The enemy soon fled in fear of the weapon.With the French having a technological advantage ove r the enemy, many of their allies would trade to have possession of these new and powerful guns, making their allies more powerful. Soon the French stated to maintain huge portions of land due to the protection that was aided by their allied Natives. The natives would help fight for the French in many battles including the Seven Years war with Britain. Also, in the said(prenominal) document, Samuel and his men take about a dozen Iroquois men as prisoners. This became a common practice in warfare for enemy men to be captured after a war.Captives began being traded for kinship and became very popular among the French. Captive fetching was used more to embarrass the enemy, but it soon became more profitable to trade them to the French. Consequently, as demand for more captives, to be used as slaves, increased the allied Natives would engage in more warfare causing a massive increase in violence to occur between Natives. Although the French started small and never intention to massive ly colonize, over time became the largest and most profitable empire to settle in North America.The British Empires goal for colonizing was to gain land. Britain had a huge increase in population and a vast decrease in economic growth in the 15th century. This caused a can of hostility to build with lower class citizens and it lead to crime and mendicancy starting to occur more frequently in British cities. In order to ease the tension, the Virginia Company is created to start colonization in the North America with the first colony of Virginia. It was used as a whipping boy to transport poorer citizens away from the cities to decrease risk of revolution.Once they arrived, a town called Jamestown is construct in 1607. This was the first commercial colony with tobacco being its main cash crop. War between Natives and British only worsened as more colonies began to be developed. The warfare hit an all time high after the death of the Powhatan Chiefs daughter Pocahontas, after she wa s interpreted to be civilized in Britain. This was the start of the first Anglo-Powhatan war and it ended after the Powhatan Chief died (Boyer, The Enduring Vision, p. 48). Like the Spanish, Britain used warfare and military conquest in order to gain land.In order to provide food for all the new growing population in the colonies, livestock and animal husbandry became very important. In the scholar article King Philips Herd, it showed how dependent colonists were on livestock, and how it helped develop the economy caused many issues with the neighboring natives. Although livestock became popular among the natives, the disregard colonists showed toward the natives and their land lead to King Philips War. In order for Britain to gain more land to colonize, they would constantly be at war with natives.Britain would primarily use violence to gain control of land. As land increased, more workers would be needed to work. At first Britain used captured natives like the French. The British demand for slaves became so high that colonists began stealing Yamasee men away from their villages this caused another war between Britain and Natives. Britain begins alliance with Cherokee in order to stop warfare. After the war ends, the South Carolina colony promises to stop using native slaves, and begins a massive switch to Africa slaves.After 1680 there are less indentured servants and almost all labor is done by slaves. The exercise of forced labor moves from Natives to Africans, coercion continues in British colonizes. As colonization continues, British decide they want land in the Ohio Valley because of its generative farmland. However, the French had already occupied that in their colony New France. Soon a war breaks out between the French and British with the French being allied with Natives and the British using their colonists. Eventually Britain wins the war and is able to take control over the land.Soon, Britain decides to decrease all kinship relations with nativ e and focus more on establishing new settlements and fort building. This angers local natives so the Ottawa tribe unify with the Ojibwa, Delaware, Shawnee, Mongo, Potawatomie in Pontiacs Rebellion. The scrap ends in a stalemate and in order to appease the Natives the contract Line of 1763 is created in order to stop colonists settling in the Ohio Valley, and come out it all to Natives. T he British Empire saw that in order to stop another Native uprising, they most stop invading on their land and coexist.However, when Britain decides to forbid any colonization on the Ohio Valley many English colonists become outraged. More Conflicts would soon unfold with Britain and the colonists, curiously with the fear of taxation. The idea of taxation and the denial of the Ohio River Valley begin a united revolt against the British in order to gain independence. English colonists want to govern themselves and control the land the Britain Empire controls to colonize. The Colonists soon revolt by declaring the Revolutionary War.With the help of both French and Spanish empires the colonists win the way. At the end of the Revolutionary War Britain gives all the land they gained through colonization to the Colonists. The original British goal of colonization was gaining land. After the war however they lose all the land they had originally gained, and must cede home empty handed. Once the colonists are free and have their own independent government, U. S. colonization begins. The U. S. colonization was exactly like the British Empires original goal, gaining land by any means necessary.Once the colonists take control over British lands, they start rapid expansion of land possession. George Washington believed in Expansion with Honor The idea was that colonists would purchase land through treaties. However Washington wanted to conquer natives and remove them akin to what the Spanish empire wished to due. Washington sends armies to defeat the Native Confederacy and without t he British Empire supporting them the Native Confederacy and is defeated. Anthony Wayne becomes big part in helping to achieve Washingtons goal.In the document The Print of My Ancestors Houses are Every Where The article shows how Washington and Wayne didnt care about the fact they were invading on the Natives spiritual land and found it more important that they obtain the land in order to colonize more. Wayne even uses alcoholic drink as bribery to agree to the treaty of Greenville. Although this method worked, many people viewed it as an authoritative method to colonize. Thomas Jefferson was a big sensation of this fact. Jefferson claimed he would do things more respectively and honestly if he was choose president.Once elected, his policy was called the Civilization Program. This plan was to force natives to take on a more American lifestyle. Natives would be forced to change religions and aline to more customary American culture. Jeffersons hopeful goal was if Natives were Am ericans they would denounce their land for profit. This will open native land to American expansion. However, just like Washington, Jefferson used any method necessary to gain native lands. Jefferson believes Louisiana Purchase could be where all where Natives could go to be civilized in American culture.Jefferson even abandons his beliefs in strict constitutional recital and uses implied power in order to justify the Louisiana Purchase. When it came to U. S. Colonization the colonists believed they were more democratic and fair then during European empires. In actuality colonists used the alike tactics of violence and coercion in order to get unblock of Natives and take control of their land. Colonization and Colonialism helped build empires up while it tore other ones down. While these two methods it enriched the empires while made other countries suffer.Through the stratum of time the empires changed their tactics in order to better coexist and survive like the Spanish switc hing form a military disturb to using more peaceful alternatives, The French starting small and through trading and kinship with natives becoming the dominant power, The British who cared only about gaining land, gave it back to avoid tensions with natives. The three major empires learned to coexist and conciliate to Natives however U. S. colonization was all about warfare and forcibly taking land away from natives. The U. S. was all about expansion and it didnt progeny who they hurt in order to achieve their goals.